一、宾语从句
考点一：考查宾语从句的连接词
【真题1】（2015年泰安卷） —Could you please tell me ______ you will go to Hong Kong on business？
—Sure. I prefer to take a plane.
A. whether B. why
C. when D. how
【解析】D。句意为：——请你告诉我______你将要去香港做生意？——当然可以。我更喜欢乘飞机。 whether“是否”；why“为什么”；when“什么时候”；how“如何，怎样”。根据“我更喜欢乘飞机”可知，上句是问“如何去香港”。故选D。
【真题2】（2015年资阳卷） —Excuse me， madam. Could you please tell me ______ the bus arrives？
—Sure. At 9：00.
A. where B. when
C. why D. how
【解析】B。where“在哪儿”；when“何时”；why“为什么”； how“怎样”。句意为：——打扰了，女士。你能告诉我公共汽车______到吗？——当然了。九点。根据答句中的“九点”可知，上句是询问时间，应选用引导词when，表示“什么时候”。故选B。
【真题3】（2015年南昌卷） —Excuse me. I wonder ______ there is a bus here to go to Downing Street.
—Yes. Bus No. 223.
A. that B. when
C. why D. whether
【解析】D。句意为：——打扰一下，我想知道______有公共车去唐宁街。——是的，223路公交车。that无意义；when“何时”；why“为什么”；whether“是否”。根据回答“Yes.”可知上句是问“是否有……”。故选D。
【助记】宾语从句连接词
宾语从句连接词，不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that，一般疑问“是否（if / whether）”替。
特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
【真题4】（2014年黔东南卷） —I dont know ______ or not.
—Neither do I. You may ask his teacher.
A. whether he is at school B. if he is at school
C. that he is at school
D. whether is he at school
【解析】A。句意为：——我不知道他是否在学校。——我也不知道。你可以问问他的老师。此题考查固定句型whether ... or not（是否），而且从句用陈述语序（主语+谓语），故选A。
【链接】宾语从句的引导词if和whether的区别
◆or not可以和whether连用，但是不和if连用。
◆从句做介词宾语时只用whether引导而不用if。
◆做discuss等动词的宾语时，用whether不用if。
◆在动词不定式之前，只能用whether，不能用if。
◆如果宾语从句为否定句时，则只用if不用whether。
考点二：考查宾语从句的语序
【真题5】（2015年广安卷） —Im sorry Im late.
—Could you tell me ______？
A. why you are late again
B. why are you late again
C. what were you doing
D. who did you talk with
【解析】A。句意为：——对不起，我迟到了。——你可以告诉我______？根据语法分析可知，此空应用宾语从句。宾语从句应用陈述语序，故排除B、C、D三项。选A。
【真题6】（2015年杭州卷） Franklin told them all ______ to be in Britain again.
A. how happy was he
B. how happy he was
C. how was he happy
D. how he happy was
【解析】B。句意为：富兰克林告诉他们，他再次到英国是多么开心。空格处的内容为动词told的宾语，宾语从句要用陈述语序。故选B。
考点三：考查宾语从句的时态
【真题7】（2015年广州卷） Could you tell me ______ a moment ago？
A. what were they talking about
B. what are they talking about
C. what they were talking about
D. what they are talking about
【解析】C。句意为：你能告诉我刚才他们在谈论什么吗？本句是含有宾语从句的复合句，由从句中的a moment ago可知，该宾语从句用过去范畴内的时态，可排除B、D两项；又因宾语从句应用陈述语序。故选C。
【真题8】（2015年临沂卷） The police wondered ______.
A. whose handbag it is
B. whose handbag it was
C. whose handbag is it
D. whose handbag was it
【解析】B。句意为：警察想知道______。首先，宾语从句应该用陈述语序，故排除C、D两项；再根据主句谓语wondered是过去式，宾语从句也要用相应的过去时态。故选B。
【真题9】（2015年威海卷） Alice， do you know ______ tomorrow？
A. what we have done
B. who will come
C. where they went
【解析】B。句意为：爱丽丝，你知道明天______吗？what we have done“我们已经做过什么”；who will come“谁将要来”；where they went“他们去了哪里”。根据时间状语tomorrow可知，宾语从句用一般将来时。故选B。
【真题10】（2015年菏泽模拟卷） The teacher asked the students ______.
A. why the earth went around the sun
B. why does the earth go around the sun
C. why the earth goes around the sun
【解析】C。句意为：老师问学生为什么地球围绕太阳转。宾语从句用陈述语序，故可排除选项B；当宾语从句阐述的是客观真理或者事实时，即使主句用过去时，从句仍然用一般现在时。故选C。
【链接】宾语从句的时态
◆如果主句为一般现在时，则宾语从句时态不受限制，根据实际情况使用所需要的时态。
◆如果主句为一般过去时，则宾语从句只能用过去的某种时态。
◆如果宾语从句为客观真理或普遍事实，则用一般现在时。
【助记】宾语从句的用法
宾语从句三姊妹，that，if / whether，wh- / how展风采。
展风采有三关，引导词、语序、时态在把关。
主从时态要一致，陈述语序永不变。
陈述请你选that，疑问需用if / whether连。
特殊问句做宾从，原来问词不用换。
三关过后莫得意，人称、标点需注意。
留意变脸的if / when，从句的简化记心间。
考点五：考查宾语从句的否定前移
【真题11】（2015年汕尾卷） I dont think the newly directed film by Zhao Wei is as interesting as people say， ______？
A. do I B. dont I
C. is it D. isnt it
【解析】C。句意为：我认为由赵薇导演的新电影并没有像人们说的那样有趣。在宾语从句中，如果主句的主语是I，谓语动词是think，guess，believe等动词且后接有否定意义的that宾语从句时，常将否定转移到主句谓语动词上。当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时，其仍属否定句，故其后的附加问句应用肯定形式，而非否定形式。此处的附加问句与宾语从句一致，用肯定形式。故选C。
二、定语从句
考点：考查定语从句的关系词
【真题1】（2015年德州卷） Everyone ______ has been to Shanghai says it is a modern city.
A. why B. whose
C. who D. which
【解析】C。句意为：到过上海的每一个人都说它是一个现代化的城市。本句中everyone做先行词，关系词在从句中做主语，且指代的是人，故关系代词用who。选C。
【真题2】（2015年杭州卷） The woman ______ is the most important in my life is my mother.
A. which B. who
C. whom D. what
【解析】B。句意为：我一生中最重要的女性就是我的母亲。句中the woman是定语从句的先行词，指人，在从句中做主语。故此题用关系代词who引导定语从句。
【真题3】（2015年泰安卷） —Why are you so worried？
—Ive lost the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday.
A. whom B. who
C. whose D. which
【解析】D。先行词watch是物，因此引导定语从句的关系代词要用which或that。故选D。
【助记】定语从句用法口诀
主句型，从句型，两种句子要完整。
从句紧靠先行词，关系词引导要弄清。
定人用who或whom，定物which当先用。
关系代词有that，定人定物有本领。
定时间要用when，定地点where行。
关系代词that做成分，唯做宾语可以省。
【真题4】（2015年福州卷） —Nowadays WeChat is very popular among friends.
—Yes. It seems to be the best way of communication ______ people like.
A. that B. which
C. who
【解析】A。句意为：——如今微信在朋友圈中很受欢迎。——是的，看起来它是人们最喜欢的交流方式。本句中先行词为某物，且被最高级修饰，故选A。
【链接】定语从句关系词that和which的区别[先行词是all，few，little，something，everything，nothing等不定代词时，只能用thatAll that he said is true.他说的都是真的。 先行词被only，no，any，all等词修饰时，只能用thatThis is the only thing that my father bought for me.这是父亲买给我的唯一一件东西。先行词被序数词修饰时，只能用thatThis is the second book that I have read.这是我读过的第二本书。先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，只能用thatThis is the best book that I have read this year.这是我今年读过的最好的一本书。]
[先行词既包括人又包括物时，只能用thatWe talked about the people and things that we remembered.我们谈论我们记得的人和事。在介词后只能用whichThe house in which I lived has been sold.我住的房子已经卖掉。] 三、状语从句
考点一：考查引导时间状语从句的连词
【真题1】（2015年自贡卷） Some people wont realize the importance of their health ______ they have lost it.
A. when B. until
C. after
【解析】B。句意为：一些人直到失去了健康才意识到其重要性。not ... until ... 为固定结构，意为“直到……才……”。故选B。
【真题2】（2015年温州卷） Mr. Smith has a habit of taking a shower ______ he has breakfast.
A. though B. before
C. because D. since
【解析】B。句意为：史密斯先生在吃早饭______有洗澡的习惯。though“尽管”；before“在……之前”；because“因为”；since“自从”。根据句意，选用before最符合句意。故选B。
【真题3】（2015年泰安卷） —Would you please give this newly-published novel to Jack？
—Certainly， ______ he comes back.
A. before B. as soon as
C. until D. unless
【解析】B。句意为：——请你把这本新出版的小说给杰克好吗？——当然可以，______ 他回来。before“在……以前”；as soon as“一……就……”；until“直到……才……”；unless“除非”。由于从句用一般现在时表示将来，可推测空白处应填as soon as，故选B。
考点二：考查引导条件状语从句的连词if / unless
【真题4】（2015年南京卷） Youd better travel around Nanjing with a local tour guide ______ you want to know more about its culture.
A. unless B. until
C. although D. if
【解析】D。考查连词辨析。句意为：______你想更多地了解南京的文化，你最好带着当地的向导游览南京。unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句；until“直到”，引导时间状语从句； although“虽然，尽管”，表示让步，引导让步状语从句；if“如果”，引导条件状语从句。分析前后分句的逻辑关系，两分句构成“条件”关系。故选D。
【真题5】（2015年泰州卷） There are fewer and fewer tigers in India. The situation will continue ______ humans stop hunting them for their fur and bones.
A. if B. unless C. because D. since
【解析】B。句意为：印度的老虎越来越少。这个情况将继续下去______人们停止猎杀它们，取走它们的骨头和皮毛。if“如果”，引导条件状语从句；unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句；because“因为”，引导原因状语从句；since“既然”，引导原因状语从句。根据前后句的逻辑关系可知，用unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句。故选B。
考点三：考查条件状语从句和时间状语从句的时态
【真题6】（2015年重庆A卷） Stop smoking， Joe！ You ______ yourself if you keep on doing it like that！
A. will kill B. have killed C. kill D. killed
【解析】A。句意为：乔，戒烟吧！如果你继续那样做，你会害了自己的。 由if引导的条件状语从句中常用一般现在时表示将来，由此可推断出主句应当用一般将来时。所以选A。
【真题7】（2015年潍坊卷） Next month were going somewhere interesting as soon as the holiday ______.
A. will begin B. has begun
C. begins D. is beginning
【解析】C。句意为：下个月，我们打算假期一______就去某个有趣的地方。as soon as表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，遵循“主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时”的原则，主句用的是一般将来时，as soon as引导的从句要用一般现在时表示将来，故选C。
【真题8】（2014年达州卷） —Excuse me， could you please tell me if the sports meeting ______ on time？
—Hard to say. If it ______ tomorrow， well have to put it off.
A. will hold； rains
B. will be held； rains
C. will be held； will rain
D. holds； will rain
【解析】B。句意为：——打扰一下，你能告诉我运动会是否会按时举行。——很难说。如果明天下雨，我们将不得不延期。运动会是“被举行”，用被动语态 （be +过去分词），所以排除A、D两项；第一空中if引导宾语从句，在时态的选择上遵循“主句是一般现在时，从句根据句意用任意时态”的原则，运动会还没有举行，所以用一般将来时；第二空if引导的条件状语从句应该用一般现在时表示将来，故选B。
考点四：考查引导原因状语从句的连词because / since / as
【真题9】（2015年山西卷） A Spring Morning is my favorite poem ______ its words are beautiful and I can feel the sense of spring in it.
A. until B. because
C. though
【解析】B。句意为：《春晓》是我最喜欢的一首诗______它的语言是美妙的，在诗中我能感受到春意。until“直到”；because“因为”；though“尽管”。分析前后句意可知，两分句构成“因果”关系。故选B。
【真题10】（2015年杭州卷） We didnt enjoy the day ______ the weather was so bad.
A. because B. though
C. unless D. till
【解析】A。句意为：因为天气太糟糕，那天我们玩得并不愉快。because“因为”，引导原因状语从句；though“尽管”，引导让步状语从句；unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句；till“直到……为止”，引导时间状语从句。根据句意可知，天气糟糕是造成不愉快的原因，故选A。
考点五：考查引导目的状语从句的连词so that
【真题11】（2014年盐城卷） Im going to take him to some famous hutongs ______ he can learn more about China.
A. because B. when
C. so that D. as if
【解析】C。句意为：我打算带他去一些著名的胡同，这样他就会对中国有更多的了解。because “因为”；when“当……时候”；so that“为了，以便于”；as if“犹如，好像”，根据句意可知，后半句应是前半句的目的，故应使用so that引导目的状语从句。选C。
【真题12】（2014年滨州卷）The teacher asked me to read aloud ______ all the students could hear me.
A. so that B. for
C. because D. in order to
【解析】A。句意为：老师叫我大声朗读，以便让所有学生都能听到。so that“为了”，后接从句；for“为了”；because“因为”；in order to“为了”，后接动词原形。由于空格后是一个完整的句子，故选A。
考点六：考查引导结果状语从句的连词so that / so ... that ... / such ... that ... 等
【真题13】（2015年宜宾卷） It is ______ a beautiful garden ______ we like to play in it.
A. so； that B. such； that
C. too； to D. very； that
【解析】B。句意为：这个花园如此美丽，所以我们都喜欢在里面玩。such / so ... that ...“如此……以至于……”。名词前应用such。故选B。
【真题14】（2015年凉山卷） Bob is always polite to everyone， and he is ______ lovely ______ all of us like him very much.
A. too； to B. neither； nor
C. so； that D. such； that
【解析】C。句意为：鲍勃对每个人都很有礼貌，他如此可爱，所以我们所有人都喜欢他。such / so ... that ...“如此……以至于……”。修饰形容词用so，故选C。
考点七：考查引导让步状语从句的连词although / though
【真题15】（2015年滨州卷） Our parents love you very much ______ they seldom say， “I love you.”
A. unless B. or
C. so D. although
【解析】D。句意为：我们的父母非常爱你，_______他们很少说“我爱你”。unless“除非”；or“或者”；so“因此”；although“尽管”。根据后半句可推测，空白处应填表示让步关系的词，意为“尽管”，故选D。
【真题16】（2015年安徽卷） —What do you think of your Junior Middle School life？
—I think it is colourful， ______ I am always busy.
A. if B. though
C. while D. until
【解析】B。句意为：——你觉得你的初中生活怎样？——我认为是丰富多彩的，______我一直很忙。分析句意可知，前后句构成让步关系，故用though引导从句，选B。
【助记】常用状语从句用法口诀
状语从句三要点，时间、原因和条件。
从句如果表时间，when，after，before走在前。
状语从句表原因，because前面来引导。
状语从句表条件，if前面来引导。
主句通常前面走，从句紧紧跟在后。
从句如在主句前，从句之后加逗点。
牛刀小试：
从题后所给的选项中，选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. （2015年重庆A卷） —Id like to know ______.
—Maybe in the forest.
A. whether we will go camping
B. where we will go camping
C. whether will we go camping
D. where will we go camping
2. （2015年潍坊卷） I wonder ______ the idea to Daming. He still looks angry.
A. if have you mentioned
B. what have you mentioned
C. if you have mentioned
D. what you have mentioned
3. （2015年呼和浩特卷） —Could you please tell me ______？
—About twenty minutes ago.
A. when did you see this kid
B. where did you see this kid
C. when you saw this kid
D. where you saw this kid
4. （2015年自贡卷） —Could you tell me ______ it is from the nearest shop to your school？
—About five minutes walk.
A. how long B. how far
C. how many
5. （2015年天津卷） —Do you know ______？
—For a month.
A. how long will she be away
B. how long she will be away
C. how often will she go there
D. how often she will go there
6. （2015年盐城卷） In the U.K.， a lady usually doesnt like to be asked ______.
A. whether has she got married
B. how old is she
C. where she comes from
D. how much she weighs
7. （2015年呼和浩特卷） The photo ______ taken by my brother last week is very nice.
A. which were B. that is
C. that were D. which was
8. （2015年内江卷） I dont know the girl ______ is standing at the gate.
A.不填 B. which
C. that D. whom
9. （2015年绵阳卷） Books are everywhere， but its not easy to find one ______ is really interesting.
A. that B. who
C. it D. what
10. （2015年武威卷） A friend is someone ______ says， “What！ You too？ I thought I was the only one！”
A. who B. which
C. what D. whose
11. （2015年安顺卷） I think the first lesson ______ we are learning is very easy.
A. that B. where
C. who D. when
12. （2015年孝感卷） The red skirt ______ my mother bought for me is made of cotton.
A. that B. when
C. who D. whose
13. （2015年聊城卷） ______ we have enough money， we wont buy any useless things.
A. Since B. Until
C. Because D. Although
14. （2015年天津卷） ______ the dinner was all over， everyone helped wash the dishes.
A. How B. When
C. Before D. Why
15. （2015年连云港卷） You will see many aunts dancing together on the square if it ______ in the evening.
A. doesnt rain B. rains
C. will rain D. wont rain
16. （2015年德州卷） —I wonder ______.
—Yes， of course.
A. where we can buy the parts
B. how often you hear from your sister
C. if I may have a word with you
D. why he arrived late yesterday
17. （2015年温州卷） —Ms. Perry， can you tell me ______？
—Africa.
A. what the baby giraffe likes eating
B. why the baby giraffe looks unhappy
C. when the baby giraffe was born
D. where the baby giraffe came from
18. （2015年滨州卷） —Im going to buy a car. Any advice， Charlie？
—Well， it depends on ______. If money isnt a problem， you can buy a BMW.
A. when will you buy one
B. what color do you like
C. how much you can afford
D. where you are driving
19. （2015年连云港卷） —Do you know ______ Deng Chao is？
—He is an actor. He is the team leader in the popular reality TV show Running Man now.
A. which B. when
C. what D. how
20. （2015年成都卷） —Do you know ______ zongzi in tradition in China， Li Ping？
—Usually during the Dragon Boat Festival.
A. why people make
B. when people eat
C. where people buy
21. （2015年内江卷） Excuse me. Could you please tell me ______？
A. how get to the Pacific Cinema
B. how I got to Pacific Cinema
C. how I can get to the Pacific Cinema
D. how should I get to the Pacific Cinema
22. （2015年南充卷） We dont know when ______ next week. Please call me when he arrives.
A. will he arrive B. does he arrive
C. he will arrive D. he arrives
23. （2015年日照卷） —I dont know ______ this type of smart phone.
—Why not try the website www.meituan.com？
A. where can I find B. what I can find
C. where I can find D. how can I find
24. （2015年烟台卷） My deskmate asked me ______.
A. when would I go to the zoo
B. whom I would play tennis with
C. how did I get home that evening D. whether I have been to Singapore
25. （2015年济宁卷） —Did you have a good time in Jining？
—Come and have a look. My photos will show you ______.
A. how was the trip
B. why did we go there
C. how we went there
D. what the trip was like
26. （2015年兰州中考） —Li Ming， do you know ______ this year？
—Its on June 20th.
A. when is the Dragon Boat Festival
B. when is the Mid-autumn Festival
C. when the Mid-autumn Festival is
D. when the Dragon Boat Festival is
27. （2015年黄冈卷） —Excuse me， do you know ______？
—Sure， there is a bookstore down the street near here.
A. where can I get some postcards
B. where I can get some postcards
C. how can I get some postcards
D. when I can get some postcards
28. （2015年无锡卷） Too many people were absent. The chairperson warned that he ______ the meeting if necessary.
A. would cancel B. cancelled
C. would start D. started
29. （2015年雅安卷） The teacher told us that the sun ______ in the east.
A. had risen B. has risen
C. rose D. rises
30. （2015年乐山卷） —Hello， this is Dick. Can I speak to Peter？
—Hold on， please. Ill see ______ hes in.
A. as soon as B. if
C. until
31. （2015年临沂卷） Sitting down after a walk is relaxing. But do you dare to sit on a seat ______ tells you your weight？
A. whom B. /
C. who D. that
32. （2015年哈尔滨卷） Language learning isnt hard itself. The attitude ______ you have decides if you can learn it well at last.
A. what B. who
C. which
33. （2015年黄冈卷） —Which song do you like better， Lucy？
—I prefer the song Little Apple ______ can attract many people.
A. which B. who
C. whom D. where
34. （2015年汕尾卷） I hate people ______ laugh at others when they are in trouble.
A. who B. whom
C. which D. they
35. （2015年十堰卷） You are talented young adults ______ are full of hope for the future.
A. which B. who
C. when D. where
36. （2015年广东卷） Running Man is a very relaxing TV program ______ is hot among the young people.
A. what B. which
C. who D. whom
37. （2015年菏泽卷） ______ you drives， you mustnt drink wine at all.
A. If B. Unless
C. Though
38. （2015年宜宾卷） Betty hasnt got any hobbies ______ you call sleeping a hobby.
A. when B. before
C. because D. unless
39. （2015年重庆A卷） Julie didnt leave office ______ the police arrived.
A. however B. whenever
C. while D. until
40. （2015年潍坊卷） You have spent too much time playing computer games. Thats ______ your eyes hurt.
A. why B. how
C. what D. when
41. （2015年威海卷） —How long will you stay here？
—______ I finish my homework， Ill go back home.
A. As soon as B. While
C. Unless
42. （2015年江西卷） There will be few pollution ______ more people use public transportation.
A. but B. though
C. unless D. if
43. （2015年内江卷） My father was drinking tea in the living room ______ my mother was doing the dishes in the kitchen.
A. if B. while
C. until D. unless
44. （2015年长沙卷） ______ he had failed many times， he didnt give up and succeeded in the end.
A. Unless B. Although
C. If
45. （2015年南充卷） Although hes over 70， ______ he is full of energy.
A. but B. and
C. so D. /
46. （2015年重庆B卷） Miss Lin has taught us English ______ we came to this school.
A. for B. since
C. before D. when
47. （2015年眉山卷） No matter ______， you must follow the school rules.
A. where are you B. what do you do
C. who are you D. who you are
48. （2015年衡阳卷） Peter， please turn off the TV ______ no one is watching it.
A. so that B. though
C. when
49. （2015年黄冈卷） —Mike， what were your parents doing at 8：00 last night？
—My mother was reading ______ my father was playing computer games.
A. while B. when
C. unless D. as long as
50. （2015年汕尾卷） I was very excited ______ I heard the news that the high-speed rail would be built from Guangzhou to Xiamen.
A. after B. when
C. until D. while
Key：
1～5 BCCBB 6～10 DDCAA
11～15 AADBA 16～20 CDCCB
21～25 CCCBD 26～30 DBADB
31～35 DCAAB 36～40 BADDA
41～45 ADBBD 46～50 BDCAB