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 栏目类别:知识点 >> 高中 >> 英语

插入语

更新时间:2016/7/20 14:01:00  手机版

  插入语的概念:

  所谓插入语,就是指插在句子中间,对句子起补充或附加的说明的成分。一般说来,插入语与句中其他部分没有语法上的联系,若将其去掉,句子结构仍然完整。插入语在句中主要起解释、说明、总结等作用,此外还可用于表示说话者的态度和看法、起强调作用、引起别方的注意、转移话题、承上启下等。

  插入语的几种类型:

  一、形容词(短语)作插入语

  如:Sure enough, she was there. 果然她在那里。

  Strange to say, he is still ignorant of it.说也奇怪,他还不知道这件事。

  Mostimportantofall,theseactivitieshavestrengthenedtheirtieswiththeworkingpeople.最重要的是,这些活动加强了他们和劳动人民的联系。

  二、副词(短语)作插入语

  如:I'm seeing him in May一or rather early June. 我5月份见他——更确切地说是在6月初。

  We must be back be foremidnight;otherwisewe’llbelockedout.我们必须在午夜之前赶回去,否则我们就会被锁在门外。

  三、介词短语作插入语

  Hedoesn’tmind.Infact,heisverypleased.他不介意,实际上他很高兴。

  Bytheway,doyouknowwhereMarylives?顺便问一下,你知道玛丽住在哪里吗?

  Theboyisnotfoolish.Onthecontrary,Ithinkheisveryclever.这孩子不愚蠢,相反我认为他很聪明。

  Alotofuswanttoleavenow—Bill,forexample[=forexample,Bill].我们很多人现在都想走——比如,比尔就是一例。

  四、v-ing分词(短语)作插入语

  Generallyspeakingchildrenliketowatchtelevision.一般说来,小孩子喜欢看电视。

  Judgingfrom[by]hisaccent,hemaybefromthesouth.听他的口音,他可能是南方人。

  五、不定式短语作插入语

  Tobeginwith,Idonotlikeitscolour.首先,我不喜欢它的颜色。

  Totellthetruth,thefilmwasagreatdisappointmenttome.说实在的,那部影片使我大为失望。

  Tomakealongstoryshort,weagreedtodisagree.长话短说,我们同意各自保留不同的看法。

  六、句子(陈述句和一般疑问句等)作插入语

  Believeitornot,theygotmarriedsoon.信不信由你,他们不久就结婚了。

  Helearnseasily,andwhat’smore,herememberswhathehaslearnt.他学习起来很容易,而且他所学习过的都记得住。

  Hedidn’tgo,that’stosay,it’snotrecordedthathedid.他没去,换句话说,他去了这个事实无案可查。

  插入语用法例题解析:

  插入语是一种独立成分,通常与句中其他成分没有语法上的关系,插入语大都是对一句话进行附加说明或解释,通常由一个词、一个短语或一个句子构成,常置于句首、句中或句末,一般用逗号或破折号与句子隔开。下面举例归纳插入语的几种用法。

  例1:____the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.

  A. General speaking

  B. Speaking general

  C. Generally speaking

  D. Speaking generally

  解析:本题答案为C.  generally speaking为分词短语,意思是“一般来说”,在句中用作插入语。

  小结:许多分词短语可以用作插入语,这样的分词短语有:strictly speaking(严格地说),generally considering(一般认为),judging from……(根据……判断)等。

  例2:Two middle-aged passengers fellin to the sea.____, neither of them could swim.

  A. In fact

  B. Luckily

  C. Unfortunately

  D. Naturally

  解析:本题答案为C.  unfortunately为副词,意思是“令人遗憾地,不巧,可惜”,在句中用作插入语。

  小结:常用作插入语的副词或副词短语有:indeed(的确),surely(无疑),however(然而),frankly(坦率地说),obviously(显然),naturally(天然地),luckily(happily)forsb.(算某人幸运),fortunately(幸好),strangely(奇怪),briefly(简单地说)等。

  例3:Your performance in the driving test didn't reach the required standard, ____, you failed.

  A. in the end

  B. after all

  C. in other words

  D. at the same time

  解析:本题答案为C.   in other words为介词短语,意思是“换句话说”,在句中用作插入语。

  小结:常用作插入语的介词短语有:in conclusion(总之),in a word(简而言之),in short(简而言之),in general(一般说来),in a sense(在某种意义上),in my view(在我看来),in his opinion(按照他的看法),in fact(事实上),at first(首先),in addition(此外),of course(当然),to my surprise(使我惊奇的),to her regret(使她遗憾的),for example(例如)等。

  例4:It is so nice to hear from her.____, we last met more than thirty years ago.

  A.What's more

  B. That is to say

  C. In other words

  D. Believe it or not

  解析:本题答案为D.  believe it or not为一分句,意思是“信不信由你”,在句中作插入语。

  小结:用简短的句子结构作插入语,它们常置于句中或句末。这类简短的句子有:I am sure(我可以肯定地说),I believe(我相信),do you know(你知道吗),you see(你明白),I'm afraid(恐怕),it is said(据说),I suppose(我想),what's more(而且),what's worse(更糟糕的是),that is(也就是说),what is important(重要的是)等。

  例5:____with you, I have no money to spare.

  A. To be frank

  B. What's more

  C. In addition

  D. However

  解析:本题答案为A. to be frank为不定式短语,意思是“坦率地说”,在句中用作插入语。

  小结:常用作插入语的不定式短语有:to be sure(无疑地),to sumup(概括地说),to tell the truth(老实说)等。

  例6_____, he should have done such a thing.

  A. Speakinggeneral

  B. Strangetosay

  C. Luckily

  D. Ofcourse

  解析:本题答案为B. strange to say为形容词短语,意思是“说也奇怪”,在句中用作插入语。

  小结:常用作插入语的形容词或其短语有:true(真的),funny(真可笑),needless to say(不用说),mos timportant of all(最为重要),worse still(更糟糕的),even better(更好)等。

  插入语的几种类型:

  1)形容词(短语)作插入语:

  能用作插入语的形容词(短语)常见的有:true,wonderful,excellent,strangetosay, mostimportantofall,sureenough等。

  如:True, it would be too bad. 真的,太糟了。

  Wonderful, we have won again. 太好了,我们又赢了。

  2)副词(短语)作插入语:

  能用作插入语的副词(短语)有:indeed,surely,still,otherwise,certainly,however, generally,personally,honestly,fortunately,luckily,though,besides,exactly, perhaps,maybe,probably,frankly,orrather等。

  如:When he got there, he found, however, that the weather was too bad. 可是到了那儿之后他发现,那儿的天气太坏了。

  Otherwise, he would still be at home. 不然的话,他还会在家的。

  3)介词短语作插入语:

  能用作插入语的介词短语有:in fact,in one's opinion,in general,in a word,in other words,in a few words,of course,by the way,as a result,for example,on the contrary,on the other hand,to one's surprise,in short,as a matter of fact, in conclusion,in brief等。

  如:You can't wait any more-in other words, you should start at once. 你不能再等了—换言之,你得立即出发。

  On the contrary, we should streng then our cooperation with them. 相反,我们应该加强和他们的合作。

  4)V-ing(短语)作插入语:

  能用作插入语的V-ing(短语)常见的有:generally speaking,strictly speaking,judging from by,talking of,considering等。

  如:Generally speaking, the weather there is neither too cold in winter nor too hot in summer. 一般来说,那儿的气候冬天不太冷,夏天不太热。

  Judging by his clothes, he may be an artist. 从衣着来判断,他可能是个艺术家。

  5)不定式短语作插入语:

  能用作插入语的不定式短语有:to be frank,to be honest,to be sure,to tell you the truth,to make matters worse,to sumup,to start with,to begin with等。

  如:To be frank, I don't quite agree with you. 坦率地说,我不太同意你的意见。

  To tell you the truth, I'm not so interested in the matter. 跟你说实话,我对这件事情的兴趣不大。

  To sumup, success results from hard work. 总而言之,成功是艰苦努力的结果。

  6)句子(陈述句和一般疑问句)作插入语:

  能用作插入语的句子有:I am sure,I believe,I think,I know,I suppose,I hope,I'm afraid,you see,what's more,that is to say,as we know,as I see,believe it or not等。

  如:Some animals only half-hibernate, that is to say, their sleep is not such a deep one. 有些动物只是半冬眠,就是说,它们的睡眠并不是深度睡眠。

  I believe, China will catch up with the developed countries sooner or later. 我确信,中国迟早会赶上发达国家。

  He can't pass the exam, because he doesn't study hard.

  What's more, he isn't so clever. 他不能通过这次考试,因为他学习不认真,更何况他又不太聪明。

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